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Nuclear gene-inferred phylogenies resolve the relationships of the enigmatic Pygmy Sunfishes, Elassoma (Teleostei: Percomorpha).
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2012 Jan 26;
Authors: Near TJ, Sandel M, Kuhn KL, Unmack PJ, Wainwright PC, Leo Smith W
Abstract Elassoma, the Pygmy Sunfishes, has long proven difficult to classify among the more than 15,000 species of percomorph fishes. Hypotheses dating to the 19th Century include Elassoma in Centrarchidae or in the monogeneric Elassomatidae, and more recent phylogenetic hypotheses have classified Elassoma in Smegmamorpha that also contained Synbranchiformes, Mugiliformes, Gasterosteiformes, and Atherinomorpha. No published phylogenetic analysis of morphological or molecular data has supported the monophyly of Smegmamorpha, or a consistent resolution of Elassoma relationships. In this study, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships of Elassoma and test the monophyly of Smegmamorpha with a nucleotide dataset comprising 10 protein-coding nuclear genes sampled from 65 percomorph species. Maximum likelihood analyses of each individual gene and the concatenated 10 genes all result in strong support for a clade composed of Elassoma and Centrarchidae, and no analysis supports monophyly of Smegmamorpha. Based on these results, a rank-free phylogenetic definition of Centrarchidae is presented that includes Elassoma, and the continued recognition of Smegmamorpha is discouraged. We discuss the implications of these phylogenetic analyses for relationships of several other percomorph lineages, including Kyphosidae, Terapontidae, Kuhliidae, Cheilodactylidae, Percichthyidae, Howellidae, Enoplosidae, Sinipercidae, and Cirrhitidae.
PMID: 22293156 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Dentirumai philippinensis n. gen., n. sp. (Nematoda: Philometridae), a new tissue-infecting philometrid nematode from the loach goby Rhyacichthys aspro (Valenciennes) (Rhyacichthyidae) in the Philippines.
J Helminthol. 2012 Jan 31;:1-7
Authors: Quiazon KM, Moravec F
Abstract A new genus and species of the philometrid nematode Dentirumai philippinensis n. gen., n. sp. Philometrinae, Philometridae, are described on the basis of the female specimens found in the loach goby, Rhyacichthys aspro (Valenciennes), from the upper Bianuan River, Municipality of Casiguran, Aurora Province, in the Philippine Archipelago. Dentirumai philippinensis was collected from the body cavity, subcutaneous tissues near the bases of the pectoral and pelvic fins, and surrounding body tissues in the hypaxial musculature of R. aspro. Based on light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic examination, the new nematode species is morphologically close to the genus Rumai Travassos, 1960 except for one major difference, i.e. the presence of a sclerotized ring in the oral aperture armed with distinct numerous minute teeth on its inner surface. This important taxonomic feature makes it possible to erect a new genus, Dentirumai n. gen. to accommodate the newly discovered philometrid species. A key to genera of the Philometrinae is provided.
PMID: 22293391 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Image by Keiko Sekiguchi, from Abe et al. (2012).
Phylogenetic Position of Creptotrema funduli in the Allocreadiidae Based on Partial 28S rDNA Sequences.
J Parasitol. 2012 Jan 30;
Authors: Curran SS, Pulis EE, Hugg DO, Brown JP, Manuel LC, Overstreet RM
Abstract Abstract ABSTRACT: The infrequently reported allocreadiid digenean Creptotrema funduli Mueller, 1934 is documented from the blackstripe topminnow, Fundulus notatus (Cyprinodontiformes: Fundulidae), in the headwaters of the Biloxi River, Harrison County, Mississippi. Specimens from Mississippi were compared with the type material from Fundulus diaphanus menona from Oneida Lake, New York, and no substantial difference was found. A fragment of ribosomal DNA comprising a short portion of the 3' end of 18S nuclear rDNA gene, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genes (including ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2), and the 5'end of the 28S gene including variable domains D1-D3 was sequenced for the species. A portion of the 28S rDNA gene from C. funduli, plus similar fragments from 8 other allocreadiids and the callodistomatid Prosthenhystera sp., were aligned and subjected to Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses. Resulting phylogenetic trees were derived from the analyses and used to estimate the relationship of Creptotrema Travassos, Artigas, and Pereira, 1928 with other allocreadiids. Creptotrema was found to be closely related to Megalogonia Surber, 1928 and 3 Neotropical genera, i.e., Wallinia Pearse, 1920, Creptotrematina Yamaguti, 1954, and Auriculostoma Scholz, Aguirre-Macedo, and Choudhury, 2004. No molecular data were available for species in Creptotrema prior to this study so ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 genes are made available for comparative studies involving neotropical species in the genus.
PMID: 22288517 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Vibrio alfacsensis sp. nov., isolated from marine organisms.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2012 Jan 27;
Authors: Gomez-Gil B, Roque A, Chimetto L, Moreira AP, Thompson FL, Lang E
Abstract Five strains were isolated from cultured sole (Solea senegalensis) in two regions of Spain, two strains from wild caught spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) in Mexico, and one strain from corals in Brazil. The 16S rRNA sequences showed similarity to Vibrio ponticus (98.2-98.3 %) and to a lesser degree to Vibrio furnissii (97.2-97.3 %), and to V. fluvialis (96.9-97.1 %). MLSA clustered these strains closely together and clearly separated them from phylogenetically related Vibrio species. Genomic fingerprinting by rep-PCR clustered the strains according to their geographic origin. Phenotypic analyses showed a large variation among the strains, but many tests could differentiate them from other Vibrio species. The mean ΔTm values between the strains analyzed here and the closely related type strains were above 6.79 °C, and below 2.35 °C between these strains, well outside the limit to delineate a bacterial species. The phenotypic and genotypic data presented here, clearly place these strains as a coherent group within the Vibrio genus, for which we propose the name Vibrio alfacsensis sp. nov. CAIM 1831(T) (=DSM 24595(T)) is proposed as the type strain of the species.
PMID: 22286904 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]